1882

The Visit, The Stream, The Lake

1882 The Visit, The Stream, The Lake

Captain Nedham, writer of  the HMS Rocket Journal from the UK Royal Navy, was the navigation officer under Lieutenant Commander Orlebar

In June 1882, Captain Nedham, of the HMS Rocket Journal from the UK Royal Navy, was the navigation officer under Lieutenant Commander Orlebar. Captain Nedham was responsible for correcting charts and new place names, charting courses, and writing crucial daily information about the vessel’s activities.

June 10, 1882, Lieutenant Colonel Israel boarded the HMS Rocket at Esquimalt, Victoria. On June 14, from Lieutenant Commander Orlebars Log Book of the HMS Rocket anchored off Harwood Island, and a Party of Officers came ashore. ” a steep trail of 2 miles leads to a lake of nearly 40 miles in length ( from which this stream runs) to the north and reaches to within about 5 to 10 miles of the tip of Toba Inlet, by a family Indians report( ? ) a party of officers caught a magnificent lot of trout at this lake.

What is exceptionally notable is that Pages 5 and 6 of the Remarks Book of the HMS Rocket contain the following entry.

June 14 (1882) (noted not in the Journal From Page 5) “On the 14th proceeded after the coaling to the Head of Bute Inlet, anchoring off the Village in Trail Bay and Claamen another Village situated in the slight blight in the Coast of the Mainland, bearing N 48 L from the north end of Harwood Island.

 

Anchorage off Village in Trail Bay may be had abreast of Bluff in the N.W. corner of Bay in about 15. Fms but is much exposed during winter months (bottom corner of the page) the (From Page 6)Rupert & down the West Coast of Vancouver Island. The inhabitants of the latter village are a portion of the Sechelt tribe of Indians, who are under the care of the Roman Catholic Mission, their Chapel is from the prominent features in the fronting along the coast. At Claamen, the anchorage must be taken up with great care, the flats running off a great distance. Vessels should not anchor in less than 13 or 15. lpies. And not that in the North end of Savery Island with the extreme Bight.

 

At a stream of about 2 miles to the southward of Claamen 1 bearing from the north end of Harwood Island? ekr? 3/4 h, a short trail of 2 miles leads to a lake of nearly 40 miles in length (from which this stream runs} to the Northward I reaches to within about 5 or 10 miles of the Head of Toba Inlet (by Indian ?re front) a party of officers caught a magnificent lot of trout by at this lake, during our stay.

It is important to note that this Remark Book is in Lieutenant Commander Orlebar’s handwriting; it is his words, with no additions or corrections. Lieutenant Commander Orlebar, as in the Journal of Captain Nedham, calls it both a stream and a lake. The other important information is that they did not sail by; they do not call it a river, and the lake is two miles from the ocean. Neither Captain Nedham’s Journal nor the Remarks Book of the HMS Rocket in 1882 by Lieutenant Commander Orlebar names the lake or mentions the river as Powell.

Log of HMS Rocket(click on image for PDF)

2 Nedham HMS Rocket 1882 Log Book & remarks (click on image for PDF)

After this despatch and Israel Powell’s visit to Sliammon (Tla’amin), the Canadian Department of Indian Affairs. Annual Report of the Department of Indian Affairs for the Year 1882. Ottawa: Maclean, Roger & Co., 1883, 250. Report of P. McTiernan, Indian Agent, Indian Office, Victoria, 22 November 1882, is published, and this is a section on this visit.

In his official annual report dated 22 November 1882, Indian Agent P. McTiernan reported to the Department of Indian Affairs that members of the Shammon Band — a documented historical orthography of the Sliammon (Tla’amin) people — were permanently settled in multiple locations along the central coast of British Columbia. McTiernan stated that five Shammon families were settled on Harwood Island, where they had cleared land, established homesteads, and collectively owned sixteen head of cattle. He further noted that these families had created what he described as “fine places” and that this location was the most suitable settlement site he observed in that region.

McTiernan further reported that Shammon people, along with other coastal Indigenous bands, derived their livelihoods from fishing, hunting, the production of dogfish oil, and logging activities supporting the Burrard Inlet sawmills. He recorded that Indigenous labour formed a substantial portion of the regional industrial workforce and that Indigenous fishermen entered into direct commercial contracts with settler businessmen, including an individual identified as “Mr. English.”

The same report confirms that McTiernan personally visited Indigenous communities along the coast as far north as Bute Inlet aboard Her Majesty’s Ship Rocket, thereby establishing the vessel’s role in Indian Affairs administration and direct governmental engagement with Indigenous settlements during this period.

By 1882, federal Indian Affairs officials explicitly recognized the Shammon (Sliammon – Tla’amin) people as a distinct Indigenous band with permanent settlements, cleared lands, livestock holdings, and integrated coastal economic activities. Government inspection voyages aboard HMS Rocket documented Indigenous communities from Burrard Inlet to Bute Inlet, while departmental reports acknowledged Indigenous participation in fisheries, logging, and commercial contracting with settler businessmen. These records demonstrate continuous Indigenous land use, economic agency, and direct state engagement in the region before the industrial transformation of Powell River.

1882 Indian Affairs Report on Sliammon section 2 (click on image to expand)

BCMOD Binder 01 (1) Joint Reserve Commission & Gilbert M. Sproat 1878 1879 Jan to Apr Page 6 (click on image to expand)

References:

The National Archives Kew – Admiralty Navy Royal Marines and Coastguard 10 February

1881 to 24 June 1882 ADM 53/11943 Log Book Daring

The National Archives Kew – Admiralty Navy Royal Marines and Coastguard 25 June 1882 to

11 December 1883 ADM 53/11944 Log Book Daring

The National Archives Kew – Admiralty Navy Royal Marines and Coastguard 29 May 1877 to

25 July 1878 ADM 53/10937 Log Book Rocket

The National Archives Kew – Admiralty Navy Royal Marines and Coastguard 01 December

1881 to 03 May 1883 ADM 53/11825 Log Book Rocket

The National Archives Kew – Admiralty Navy Royal Marines and Coastguard 07 May 1880 to

30 November 1881 ADM 53/11824 Log Book Rocket

The National Archives Kew – Admiralty Navy Royal Marines and Coastguard 26 July 1878 to

06 May 1880 ADM 53/11823 Log Book Rocket

The National Archives Kew – Admiralty Navy Royal Marines and Coastguard 04 May 1883 to

27 June 1883 ADM 53/11826 Log Book Rocket

The National Archives Kew – Admiralty Navy Royal Marines

UK Hydrographical Archives IRB 151-11 HMS Rocket – Remarks Book Lieutenant

Commander Orlebar 1882

UK Hydrographical Archives IRB 141-8 HMS Rocket – Remarks Book Lieutenant

Commander Orlebar 1880

Sessional papers of the Dominion of Canada. – Canadiana

 

 

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Moratorium & Momentum

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Index

I

A Changing Coast